Saturday, May 30, 2009

Librarian vacancies @ various places.

Post of Librarian @ following. 1. R. B. Madkholkar Mahavidyalaya, Chandgad, Tal- Chandgad, Dist. Kolhapur(M.S.) 416509 needs Librarian. Send your applications atteachers_app@unishivaji.ac.in or rbmcollegechand@gmail.com

2. Kuriakose Elias college, Mannanam P.O., Kottayam - 686581 Kerala needslibrarian. Visit www.kecollege.in or mail to : kemnmm@sancharnet.in fordetails..

3. Shivaji Deshmukh College of Education. Shirala, A/P - Shirala, Tal.Shirala, Dist. Sangli. for detail information visit www.unishivaji.ac.in.

4. Raja Shripatrao Bhagwantrao Mahavidyalaya, Aundh, Tal. Khatev, Dist.Satara - 415510. for details visit www.unishivaji.ac.inKindly refer University News, Vol 47 No. 20 May 18-24, 2009.

5. Krishnai College of Computer Science and Information Technology, NagzariParisar, Parli Naka, Ambajogai, Dist. Beed - 431 517. Send Applicationaddressed to The Secretary/Principal at the above address.

6. Shri Shivaji Shikshan Prasarak Mandal's College of Education, Barshi.Dist. Solapur - 413411.

7. Shri Tambweshwar College of Computer Science and IT, Kalamb Road Tq. KaijDist Beed.

8. Sahyadri Institute of management studies, and BBA, BCA College,Tathawade, Pune. Visit www.Sahydriinstitute.com or mail tosahyadrimba@gmail.com. Send your applications at Director, SahyadriInstitute of Management Studies, Tathawade, Tal, Mulshi, dist. Pune 411031.

Tuesday, May 12, 2009

Vacancies @ Akruti city Gold Institute

Akruti CityGold Institute, a rapidly expanding Educational Institute requires the following:- Librarian Qualifications & requirements:M.Lib. plus documentation. Computer proficiency. Good command of written & spoken EnglishExperience:Minimum of 15 years professional experience of developing a large research/reference library in academic setup.Age:40-45 YearsThe person should temperamentally be in love with books, enjoys their look & feel, and is user friendly approach. Asst. Librarian Qualifications & requirements:B.Lib. degree earned in campus studies. Good command of written & spoken English. Natural liking for books. Minimum 5 years experience. Age around 30 years. Further details at: http://www.akruticityfoundation.edu.in/career_opportunities.aspx

Saturday, May 2, 2009

AN ANOTHER InFlUeNzA- swine

On April 26, the Acting Secretary of HHS declared a public health emergency related to the current outbreak of "swine flu" (now designated "novel 2009 H1N1"). In response to this public health emergency, the CDC requested Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for the use of Tamiflu and Relenza for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza for broader populations than are currently included in the product labeling, including pediatric populations, and others who fall outside of the indicated uses.

Influenza viruses cause serious, sometimes fatal, disease in immunocompromised patients, including HIV infected infants, toddlers, and young children.

Currently, Relenza is approved to treat acute uncomplicated illnesses due to influenza in adults and children 7 years and older who have been symptomatic for less than two days, and for the prevention of influenza in adults and children 5 years and older. Tamiflu is approved for the treatment and prevention of influenza in patients 1 year and older.

The EUAs allow for Tamiflu also to be used to treat and prevent influenza in children under 1 year, and to provide alternative dosing recommendations for children older than 1 year. In addition, under the EUAs, both medications may be distributed to large segments of the population without complying with the label requirements otherwise applicable to dispensed drugs, and accompanied by written information pertaining to the emergency use. They may also be distributed by a broader range of health care workers, including some public health officials and volunteers, in accordance with applicable state and local laws and/or public health emergency responses.

These temporary extensions of the indication, which will terminate when the emergency no longer exists, are summarized below:
1. Use of Tamiflu for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza in infants <>


The Tamiflu Oral Suspension bottle comes with a dispenser marked for 30, 45, or 60 mg. For children who weigh more than 40 kg (or 88 lbs) or adults who can’t swallow capsules, you will need to measure out a dose of 30 mg plus another dose of 45 mg. For infants less than 1 year old, a different measuring device must be used that will dispense 2 mL (about 25 mg), 1.6 mL (about 20 mg) or 1 mL (12 mg).

Doses for prevention of the novel 2009 H1N1 are the same for each weight group, but doses are administered only once per day rather than twice. Prevention dosages should be taken for 10 days following close contact with an infected person or during a community outbreak.

2. Use of Tamiflu and Relenza in patients not included in the current labeling. These drugs are currently indicated for use in patients with acute, uncomplicated influenza who have had symptoms for <>
More detailed information about Influenza Antiviral Drugs is available on the FDA web site at http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/antivirals/influenza/default.htm

The TAMIFLU® FACT SHEET FOR HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS contains information specific to the expanded pediatric dosing recommendations for Tamiflu.

NOTE: 75mg once daily for 10 days is the prophylactic dose of Tamiflu, for adults,recommended by USFDA for Swine flu.

Richard Klein
Office of Special Health Issues
Food and Drug Administration

Kimberly Struble
Division of Antiviral Drug Products
Food and Drug Administration

Monday, April 27, 2009

World Intellectual Property Day 2009 – Green Innovation

Human activity, including decades of technological development, has damaged our planet. Wide-spread pollution and spiraling consumption of the world’s mineral and biological reserves have put unprecedented stress on the environment. Climate change is one of the greatest threats ever faced by society: glaciers are disappearing; desertification is increasing; in Africa alone, between 75 and 250 million people will face increased water shortages by 2020.

As human activity caused the problem, so too can human activity find the solutions.

Green innovation – the development and diffusion of technological means to tackle climate change – is key to halting the depletion of the earth’s resources. New plant varieties are being developed to withstand drought and flooding.
New environmentally friendly materials will help us construct a more sustainable world.

On World IP Day 2009, the World Intellectual Property Organization highlights the contribution of a balanced intellectual property system to stimulating the creation, diffusion and application of clean technologies; to promoting green design, aimed at creating products that are eco-friendly from conception to disposal; to green branding, helping consumers make informed choices and giving companies a competitive edge.

The power of human ingenuity is our best hope for restoring the delicate balance between ourselves and our environment. It is our greatest asset in finding solutions to this global challenge, enabling us to move forward from the carbon-based, grey technologies of the past to the carbon-neutral, green innovation of the future.

Saturday, April 18, 2009

Wednesday, April 8, 2009

Research Scientist I(purely temporary)@ICMR, New Delhi

Candidates are invited for a walk in Interview on 17th April 09, at 2.00pm at Indian Council of Medical Research, Head Quarter with CV on plain paper for the following

post of Research Scientist I(purely temporary) :
Consolidated Salary (per month) Rs 15,760/-under the DST Project.
Preparation of Directory of Indian Science & Technology (including Medical) Journals for "only one year"

Essential Qualification- First Class Master degree(Life/Biological Sciences)
Desirable Qualification-Master in Library &Information Science (MLIS)).

For further details contact :
Dr (Mrs) Divya SrivastavaScientist "E"Division of Publication & Information
Indian Council of Medical Research (HQ)
New Delhi 110029
Phone: 011 26588344

Saturday, April 4, 2009

Jai Sri Raamm.m.m.m...... - Kalyanotsavam


Sree Raama Raama Raamethi
Rame Raame Manorame
Sahasra Naama Thatthulyam
Raama Naama Varaanane

Aapadaamapa Harthaaram
Daatharam Sarva Sampadaam
Lokaabhiraamam Sree Raamam
Bhuyo Bhuyo Namaamyaham

Rama Navami occurs in the months of March and April. On Chaitra Sukla Navami (the ninth day of the bright half of Chaitra) 'Sree Ramanavami' is celebrated.
Sri Rama Navami occurs at the beginning of summer when the sun has started moving nearer to the northern hemisphere. The Sun is considered to be the progenitor of Rama's dynasty which is called the Sun dynasty. This dynasty is famous for great kings like King Dileep, King Raghu and many others.

Sree Rama was born on this day and years later on the same day Rama married Sita. 'Sree Sitarama Kalyana Mahotsav' (wedding) is performed in the abode Sitarama Temple, Bhadrachalam, Khammam District, Andhra Pradesh with great tradition and Bhakti.

Kalyanotsavam (marriage celebration) with small
murtis of Rama and Sita in their houses, and at the end of the day the deity is taken to a procession on the streets. This day also marks the end of the nine-day utsavam called Chaitra Navaratri (Maharashtra) or Vasanthothsava (Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu) (festival of Spring), which starts with Gudi Padwa (Maharashtra)
Hindus are supposed to fast, or restrict themselves to a specific diet. Temples are decorated and readings of the
Ramayana take place.

The important celebrations on this day take place at Ayodhya in
Uttar Pradesh, Bhadrachalam in Andhra Pradesh and Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu, thronged by thousands of devotees, and Rathayatras, the chariot processions, also known as Shobha yatras of Rama, his wife Sita, brother Lakshmana and devotee Hanuman, are taken out at several places

Highlights of this day
Kalyanam - a ceremonial wedding performed by temple priests
Panakam - a sweet drink prepared on this day with
jaggery and pepper.
Procession of
murtis in the evening - accompanied by playing with water and colours

The story of Rama is not that of a single towering personality dwarfing all others. The other characters like Sita, Lakshmana, Bharata and Hanuman too shine in their own greatness. All of them are so closely interwoven with Sri Rama's life and achievements that it is well-nigh impossible to think of any one without the other. Sri Rama Pattabhisheka includes Sita, Hanuman and all his brothers.

Friday, April 3, 2009

UGC-NET - ANNOUNCED

The National Educational Testing Bureau of University Grants Commission (UGC) conducts National Eligibility Test (NET) to determine eligibility for lectureship and for award of Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) for Indian nationals in order to ensure minimum standards for the entrants in the teaching profession and research.

EXAM DATE: 28.6.2009
CLOSING DATE: 4.5.2009
Further Details avaliable @ http://www.ugc.ac.in/inside/net.html#intro

careerjet.com - JOB Search

From: Emily Kovak Add to Address Book This is spam

To:
chandra_gadhari2006@rediffmail.com

Subject: Site suggestion:
www.careerjet.com

Date: Thu, 02 Apr 2009 17:09:21
IST

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According to them Careerjet gives the job seeker access to a massive selection of jobs. Over 58,000 websites are scanned daily. Careerjet has been working to simplify the process of internet job searching since 2002.


It is giving one more oppurtunity thru Careerjet to our career target. Try it out........... best of luck.

Monday, March 30, 2009

Supreme KNOWLEDGE & Skilled PERSONALITY

This can be an inspiration to number of Librarians, important sloka from Gita.

Yatra yoegeswara Krishno Yatra Partho
Dhanurdharaha,
Tatra Srirvijayor bhuthi
Dhruva neetirmatiramama

Means – Where ever there are Lord Krishna the supreme knowledge, and Arjuna- the most skilled personality, Victory is bound to be there.

Krishna is and embodiment of knowledge (Jnana) and Arjuna is symbol of skill. Hence wherever there is knowledge, and skill, success is inevitable.

Any Librarian is supposed to be a knowledgeable person and Users are the representatives of skills. If knowledge is there, success of running library just will follow. Once the knowledgeable Librarian is supplemented by skillful group of co-staff, success is bound to be there with any library organization.

What philosophy says in Gita?

Karmanyeva Adhikaraste
Maphaleshu Kadhachana,
Makarma phalaheturbu,
Mate sangostya Karmani..

Means – One has the right for the prescribed activity but never for the result. One should never be motivated by the results of actions nor should there be any attachment in the activities. In other words, all living entities have the right to perform actions but none have the right to claim the results. An aspirant of the higher target must know that to hanker or yearn for reward for one’s actions will only lead to emotional attachment but not in actual achievement.

Saturday, March 21, 2009

IPR vs LIBRARY

One of our colleague expressed doubt regarding how IPR (Intellectual property rights) is related to our library and our profession.

As he was attended one seminar on "Issues beyond Patent, with Focus on: Patent Commercialization". From that he came to know about commercialization of patents, factors impacting patent licensing and many more. But according to his view the presentation made over in seminar is scientist aspect. The doubt what he got is quite obvious because many people will get the same, whoever not aware of, not even our profession side other side also. Here our Information scientists will comes into picture.

I will try to let you know in brief as per my knowledge concerned. IPR is a part of Research and development in Industrial age. Most of R&D organizations having IPR as a department. Their major role is filing patents (getting license) in international and domestic market on current working and concerned projects either infringing or noninfringing. Patent is one of the most important source of information which can be defined as a formal description of an innovation. Accordingly patent documents are highly useful for R&D activities. Some times IPR dept itself can do all the process according to their requirement; their requirements can be based on sources/facilities which are available in R&D Library like

Down loading patents
Patents Clipping Service
CD-ROM databases
Patent Index to Chemical Abstract books
Patent related journals / IPR Journals
IPR Related books
Controller General of Patents and Design
Patent Gazettes
Online IPR related database Access
Conducting Literature Search
Intellectual Property Rights Bulletins


These are the minimum things one R&D Library should have to run IPR.
Our Information Scientists can perform all the above tasks while updating all the resources to their concerned scientists and keeping them current literature in mind. This may give ground idea on IPR concerned to library and many more interrelated things, if we go in deep like patents organizing, sorting, downloading, searching, storing etc. and when the new patents will release?, what are the equivalents?, is it concerned to their projects/current work?.

It is more interesting if we study further.

Friday, March 20, 2009

WORST PASSWORD, WHAT ?

Very Intresting, Whatsmypass.com compiled the list features passwords most commonly used by Internet users. Do you believe if I say, '123456' is the most common password used by people on the Internet, followed by "password" in second place. These two are topping the list of passwords

Obscenities, names of fast cars and even ncc1701 - the ship number for Star Trek's Starship Enterprise, have made it to the list of top 500 worst passwords of all time.

Other popular password choices were first names, repeated letters and numbers, pop-culture references.

Even batman, bond007 and cocacola made it to the list, reports the Courier Mail.
The website said that almost one out of nine people use at least one of the passwords mentioned on the list, and one out of every 50 people use one from the top 20.

Almost 61 per cent of people used the same passwords for as many different accounts as possible in order to make life easier.

So What is your's password, will it comes in the listed......?

Monday, March 9, 2009

RANG BHARSEEEEE........AAYEERE HOLI



holi Ke Din Dil Khil Jaate Hain Rangon Mein Rang Mil Jaate Hain- AAYEERE HOLI

Holi known as 'Holika'. Also called the Festival of Colours. In West Bengal, it is known as Dolyatra (Doljatra) or Boshonto Utsav ("spring festival"). As per the Hindu calendar, it falls on the Phalgun Purnima (or Pooranmashi, Full Moon).

Holi get started with burning of the demoness
Holika, Hiranyakashipu's sister, in huge bonfires at night. It is called Kama dahanam in Andhra Pradesh.

In other aspect, it is believed that Lord Shiva burned Kaamadeva on the day of Holi.
Other day Dhulheti, people spend the day throwing coloured powder and water at each other. The spring season, during which the weather changes, is believed to cause viral fever and cold. Thus, the playful throwing of the coloured powders has a medicinal significance: the colours are traditionally made of
Neem, Kumkum, Haldi, Bilva, and other medicinal herbs. (But now a days palying Holi becomes harmful to Humanbody, Synthetic/Hazardous/Unnatural colours existing instead of Natural) A special drink called thandai is prepared, sometimes containing bhang (Cannabis sativa).

Rangapanchami occurs a few days later on a Panchami (fifth day of the full moon), marking the end of festivities involving colours. Celebration associated with Holi are meant to reassure people of the power of the truth as the moral of all these legends is the ultimate victory of good over evilHoli helps to bring diverse sections of society together and strengthen the secular fabric of our country. The festival is celebrated by Hindus and non-Hindus alike. The festival aims to break down barriers between the rich and poor when all sections of society celebrate together with a spirit of brotherhood.

Friday, March 6, 2009

OPINION - Joomla or Drupal or other CMS... What ?

There is a common question, that which content management systems better viz. Joomla or Drupal or other CMS?. In Mr. D.P.Tripathi's(PK Kelkar Library) opinion, If you are adeveloper and comfortable with php, fixing bugs and plugins, Drupal will be the best option over other CMS. But, if you don't want to touch the developing part, Joomla can be a best option. Both will meet your basic needs. However, I have found Joomla very easy and comfortable for developing a quick website.
Here are some features of Joomla.

1. Installation is very simple. It can be installed easily on Windows aswell as on Linux.
2. If you are not technically sound, it is good to start with Joomla.
3. Working with joomla is very easy.
4. It supports PHP, MySQL and Apache
5. It supports multimedia
6. It has a wide selection of free extension. Once it is installed, it canbe assigned to different pages.
7. Administration is very easy.
8. There is facility to log in to the site and edit the site directly inbrowser.
9. Provision for more than one person to be able to edit the site
10. There are lot of open source components that can be plugged in to thesite. For ex. RSS Syndication, RSS Import, News Letter etc.

Tuesday, March 3, 2009

Sri Lankan Cricketers hospitalised - Wounded Blood

At least five Pakistan policemen have been killed and up to six Sri Lankan cricket players wounded by armed men in the eastern Pakistani city of Lahore.
The attackers, reportedly armed with Kalashnikovs and hand grenades, targeted the Sri Lankan team's bus on Tuesday near the city's main Gaddafi cricket stadium, where Pakistan has been playing Sri Lanka in a test match.
Haji Habibur Rehman, Lahore's chief of police, said there were about 12 attackers, who "appeared to be well-trained terrorists".
"Five policemen who were providing protection to the team sacrificed their lives," he said. TV footage showed gunmen with backpacks firing at the convoy as they retreated from the scene, several damaged vehicles and a lone, unexploded grenade lying on the ground.
Rehman said one cricket player had suffered a leg injury and another was shot in the chest, but neither injury appeared life threatening.
A helicopter later landed to evacuate the uninjured members of the Sri Lankan cricket team from the stadium.

Cricketers hospitalised
Police were still pursing the suspected attackers, and have taken one man into custody.
Daniyal Hassan, a journalist with Dawn News who was at the scene, said the attack occurred "very close to the local police station".
"The shooters had fled and no one could see in what direction [they went] ... but at this point they are definitely at large," he said.
A Sri Lankan ministry official said Thilan Samaraweera and Tharanga Paranavitana were the cricketers hospitalised.
He said three other players were slightly injured and that Trevor Bayliss, the team's head coach and an Australian national, also sustained minor wounds.
Sri Lankan cricket officials said the test match has been called off after the shooting, and that they are working to get the team out of the country as soon as possible.
Sri Lanka's cricketers were invited to Pakistan after India pulled out over security concerns. Security experts defused two car bombs and recovered a stash of weapons including grenades, three kilogrammes of explosives, a pistol and a detonating cable after the deadly ambush, the AFP news agency reported.

Wednesday, February 25, 2009

Vacancies - Feb' 09

LIS openings -Employment News (21-27 February 2009)

1. LIBRARY AND INFORMATION OFFICER - one post in the pay band of Rs. 15600-39100 with grade pay Rs. 6600/- (approx. Monthly emoluments Rs.40000/-) in "Sangeet Natak Akedmi ,Rabindra Bhavan, Ferozshah Road, NewDelhi-110001"
Essential Qualifications:
(a) Master's Degree in Library and Information Science from a recogniseduniversity (b) Minimum 5 years experience as a Librarian in a Library of standing inthe scale of Rs. 8000-275-13500.
Desirable Qualification:
(a) Understanding and knowledge of performing arts
(b) Familiarity with computer application.
(c) Age Limit-Between 30-35 years and relaxation in exceptional cases and as per Govt. Of India Rules.
"GENERAL INFORMAITON INSTRUCITONS" Application on plain paper duly typed giving full particulars with recentpassport size photograph and attested copies of certificates/ testimonialsalong with Declaration as appended below addressed to The "Deputy Secretary(Administration ) Sangeet Natak Akedmi ,Rabindra Bhavan, Ferozshah Road, NewDelhi-110001" should reach within 20 days from the date of publication of this advertisement. (Page source 39)

2. Walk in Interview - for "LIBRARIAN (post-1)" - NationalAcademy of Statistical Administration, Ministry of Statistics andProgramme Implementation, Govt. Of India.
For other relevant details please visit the www.mospl.gov.in (Page source: 45)

3. "Sangeet Natak Akedmi" invites applications for the post of -"Sr.LIBRARY AND INFORMATION OFFICER" at its Regional office, Bangalore in the Pay- Band of Rs. ( 9300-34800) with Grade pay Rs. 4200/-.
For further detail please refer to www.sahityaakedemi.gov.in (Page Source: 47).

4. LIS opportunities in P.G.D.A.V. COLLEGE (Eve) , University of Delhi, Nehru Nagar, New Delhi. (i) Librarian -01, Permanent-
Qualifications:
(a) Masters Degree in Library and Information science/InformationScience/Documentation or an equivalent professional degree with at least 55%of the marks or its equivalent grade of B in the UGC seven point scale plus a consistently good academic record.
(b) Candidate should have cleared the NET conducted by the UGC,CSIR or similar tests accredited by the UGC for those with post-graduatedegree.
(ii) Junior Library & Information Assistant -
Qualifications:
(a) Passed Sr.Sec. or equivalent examination.
(b) Certificate in Library Science/Library and Information Scienceboth from a recognised university. (c) Computer course at Sr. Sr. Sec level or Basic course incomputer science / word processing forms a recognized institution.
(iii) Library Attendant-
Qualifications:
(a) Certificate in Library Science/Library and Information Scienceboth from a recognised university
(b) Computer course at Sr. Sr. Sec level or Basic course in computerscience / word processing forms a recognized institution.Application form can be downloaded from the website - www.pgdavevening.in ( Page Source: 64).

5. Institute for defence studies and analysis - New Delhi invite a post of Librarian-cum-information officer For details website: www.idsa.in

Pay Scales & Min. Qualification - Memorandum

Dear Academic Librarian friends

According to Dr.P.V.Konnur President, IndianAcademic Library Association (IALA) has submitted on behalf of us, the Feedback to UGC with the "Anomalies in the Draft UGC Notification on Revision of Pay Scales, Minimum Qualifications for Appointment of Teachers inUniversities and Colleges & Other Measures for the Maintenance of Standards,2009".
Please visit the Link:
http://iala.org.in/subfiles/news/UGC_Feedback.pdf

Monday, February 23, 2009

jaiiii.. BhAM BhAM BhOLE ......

Maha Shivratri (Great night of Siva) celebrated every year on the 13th night/14th day in the Krishna Paksha (waning moon) of the month of Maagha (as per Shalivahana) or celebrated on the 6th night of the dark Phalguna (Feb or March) every year (as per Vikrama) in the Hindu Calendar (that is, the night before and day of the new moon). The festival is principally celebrated by offerings of Bael (Bilva) leaves to the Lord Shiva, all day fasting and an all night long vigil.
Mahashivaratri marks the night when Lord Shiva performed the 'Tandava'. It is also believed that on this day Lord Shiva was married to Parvati Ma. On this day Shiva devotees observe fast and offer fruits, flowers and bel leaves on Shiva Linga.

The origin of Shivaratri is attributed to several stories in Hindu mythology. One very popular story traces the origin of this festival to the churning of the Ocean of Milk by devas (gods) and asuras (demons). It is said that when both gods and demons were churning the Ocean of Milk to obtain amrita (water of immortal life), they came across many unusual substances, including the deadly poison Kalakuta. As soon as they touched the poison, it exploded into poisonous fumes that threatened to envelope the entire universe by darkness. When the destruction of the universe seemed inevitable, the gods ran for assistance from Brahma and Vishnu, but neither was able to help. At last they ran to Lord Shiva, who raised his trident and condensed the fumes. In order to save the creation, Shiva swallowed the poison without spilling a single drop. The poison left a dark blue mark on Shiva's throat. The gods praised and worshipped Shiva for saving the universe.
The Ocean of Milk represents the ideal world that is full of peace and happiness for all human beings. Churning the Ocean of Milk signifies the human activity in the world. The amrita symbolizes happiness and the poison represents human greed and selfishness. Shiva symbolizes the atman (self), the spiritual essence of an individual. Worship of Shiva denotes meditation and contemplation by an individual on his or her own self.
On the day of Shivaratri, a hunter, who had killed many birds in a forest, was chased by a hungry lion. The hunter climbed a Bilva tree to save himself from the lion's attack. The lion waited throughout the entire night at the bottom of the tree for its prey. In order to stay awake to avoid falling from the tree, the hunter kept plucking the leaves of the Bilva tree and dropping them below. The leaves fell on a Shiva Linga that happened to be located at the bottom of the tree. Shiva was pleased by the offering of the Bilva leaves by the hunter, although inadvertently, and saved the hunter in spite of all the sin the hunter had committed by killing the birds. This story emphasizes the auspiciousness of worshipping Shiva with Bilva leaves on Shivaratri.